See also: Brennen

German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German brennen, a merger of Old High German brennan (from Proto-West Germanic *brannijan), and Old High German brinnan (from *brinnan).

Cognate with Bavarian brenna, Dutch branden, Swedish brinna, Icelandic brenna, Old English birnan, and therefore English burn.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbʁɛnən/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: bren‧nen

Verb

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brennen (irregular weak, third-person singular present brennt, past tense brannte, past participle gebrannt, past subjunctive brennte, auxiliary haben)

  1. (intransitive) to burn; to light on fire
    Ich beobachtete, wie das Haus brannte.I watched the house burn.
    Es brennt!There is a fire!
  2. (intransitive) to burn; to be on fire
    Mein Haus brennt!My house is on fire!
    Trockenes Holz brennt am besten.Dry wood burns best.
  3. (intransitive) to have a strong affection for; to be affectionate
    Ich brenne darauf sie zu besuchen!I would really like to visit her.
  4. (intransitive) to be lit, to be on (of a light or lamp)
    Das Licht in der Küche brannte noch immer.The light in the kitchen was still on.
  5. (intransitive) to irritate; to induce pain or another painful sensation; to bite; to sting
    Die Zwiebeln brennen in meinen Augen!The onions sting in my eyes!
    Dieser Senf brennt wie Teufel auf meiner Zunge!This mustard bites my tongue like hell!
  6. (intransitive) to smart; to sting (a sore or wound)
  7. (transitive) to fire; to bake; to kiln (tiles and pottery)
    Dachziegel werden im Brennofen gebrannt.Tiles are baked in a kiln.
    Nach drei Tagen kann die Vase gebrannt werden.The vase can be fired after three days.
    Keramikwaren müssen gebrannt werden, bevor sie genutzt werden können.Pottery needs to be fired before one can use it.
  8. (transitive) to distil (alcoholic beverages such as schnapps)
    Synonym: destillieren
  9. (transitive, computing) to burn; to archive data on a storage medium. (such as CDs, DVDs, etc.)
    Kannst du mir 'Das weiße Album' von den Beatles brennen?Can you burn 'The White Album' from The Beatles for me?
  10. (intransitive, figuratively) to emit heat
    Die Sonne brannte auf sie herab.The sun was shining upon them with great heat.
  11. to roast
  12. to bream (clean a ship etc. by fire and scraping)
  13. (Austria, informal) to fork out, to shell out
    Synonyms: bezahlen, blechen, berappen, löhnen, pecken, zahlen

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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Luxembourgish

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Etymology

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From Middle High German brinnen, from Old High German brinnan, from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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brennen (third-person singular present brennt, past participle gebrannt, auxiliary verb hunn)

  1. (transitive) to burn, to set alight
  2. (intransitive) to burn, to be on fire
  3. (intransitive) to smart, to sting
  4. (transitive) to distil (spirits)
  5. (transitive) to brand (an animal)
  6. (transitive, computing) to burn (a disk)

Conjugation

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Regular
infinitive brennen
participle gebrannt
auxiliary hunn
present
indicative
imperative
1st singular brennen
2nd singular brenns brenn
3rd singular brennt
1st plural brennen
2nd plural brennt brennt
3rd plural brennen
(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel.

Derived terms

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Old Dutch

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *brannijan.

Verb

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brennen

  1. to burn

Inflection

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Descendants

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  • Middle Dutch: bernen, barnen
    • Dutch: barnen
    • Limburgish: borre
    • Middle Dutch: branden (backformation)

Further reading

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  • brennen”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old High German

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *brannijan, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną. Cognate with Old English bærnan, Old Saxon brinnan, Old Norse brenna.

Verb

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brennen

  1. (transitive) to burn

Conjugation

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Descendants

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